There are more solutions than obstacles. Nicolas Zart
In part 1, we spoke to Rex Alexander, a leading authority in vertical flight infrastructure, also known as Mr. Infrastructure, about Advanced air mobility (AAM) and his background.
Today, Rex returns for the second part of our interview, discussing the realities of building the framework that will support advanced air mobility. In this continuation of the conversation, Rex provides deeper insight into the challenges of adapting infrastructure, the evolution of safety standards, and practical steps the industry must take to move forward.
Understanding the Transition from Heliports to Vertiports
Rex emphasizes that we are not simply upgrading existing heliports. Electric vertical aircraft bring an entirely new set of requirements. Their size, shape, propulsion systems, and operational demands vary significantly from traditional helicopters. Many of these new aircraft are wider than they are long and feature design elements that have never before been considered in helipad planning. Because of this, infrastructure planning must go back to the drawing board.
This means approach and departure paths must be mapped differently. Available space might not suit modern rotor configurations. So while heliports can provide a starting point in some cases, most new locations will require original thinking and customized design work.
Urban Environments Add Complexity
Designing infrastructure in city environments presents its own set of challenges. Rex points out how battery storage, on-site charging systems, and modern building codes create an entirely new situation. Regulations drafted forty years ago for fuel-powered helicopters no longer apply. Electric systems involve different risks, and these risks must be addressed in close collaboration with fire departments, regulators, and building engineers.
Rex shares that city governments need support in understanding what vertiports really require. These officials are used to dealing with zoning, rooftops, road traffic, and conventional land use. Now they are being asked to allow vertical aviation operations in neighborhoods. That adds layers of complexity that few people are prepared for without active education and engagement.
Where Regulation Stands Today
Rex continues to play a central role in conversations with the Federal Aviation Administration, the International Civil Aviation Organization, and the National Fire Protection Association, among others. Standards are progressing, but they are not uniform. One country may advance a set of fire safety rules, while another may focus on aircraft separation distances. This creates tension when new aircraft aim for international operations.
He believes harmonization is entirely possible, but it requires steady dialogue between engineering groups, manufacturers, local officials, and regulators. Many organizations are now working together more closely than ever before, which gives Rex reason for optimism.
How Operational Experience Informs Design
With a long history in military and emergency helicopter operations, Rex reminds us that safety is always rooted in reality. Not everything works the way it does in drawings or simulations. Pilots make errors. Wind conditions shift. Space becomes tight. Steel beams and drone nests are sometimes two feet off from where the designer thought they would be. Good infrastructure builds in what Rex calls forgiveness. That means generous margins of safety and room to maneuver when something unexpected happens.
It is not just about checking boxes. It is about foresight and empathy for the real conditions people face when using these systems every day.
Designing with Flexibility and Modularity
Looking forward, Rex encourages designers and city planners to think modularly. No city will get everything perfect on the first try, so the best idea is to lay a foundation that can expand or adapt over time. Aircraft designs will continue to evolve. Power systems and automation tools will improve. Infrastructure must be ready to integrate new technology without starting from scratch.
That includes using adaptable materials, plug-and-play charging stations, scalable landing and takeoff areas, and facilities that can serve multiple functions as needed.
Inviting the Right People to the Table
Rex continues to work with a broad range of stakeholders through Five Alpha and industry working groups. He believes that forward motion depends on including voices that are sometimes left out. This includes local community leaders, fire safety professionals, architects, and energy network designers. It also includes public engagement from the beginning of any new urban air project.
His message is simple. If we do not talk to each other now, we will face harder problems later.
Closing Thoughts
Advanced air mobility is not only about vehicles. It is about rethinking our surface and airspace, the architecture of our cities, and how energy and transportation can be more deeply integrated. That means building a strong and thoughtful foundation for vertical operations.
As Rex Alexander continues to lead dialogue across the industry, his voice remains one of grounded realism and practical vision.
For more conversations with leaders shaping the future of flight, follow updates and features at ElectricAirMobility dot news.